Demystifying DHCP: How the DORA Process Works

Understanding DHCP: How the DORA Process Automatically Assigns IP Addresses

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) is a client-server protocol that automatically assigns IP addresses and other network configurations to devices on a network. In simple terms, it assigns an IP address to a device when its IP address parameter is set to "get IP automatically."

The process by which DHCP works is known as the DORA process, which stands for Discover, Offer, Request, and Acknowledge.

DORA - Process

Discovery: The client device broadcasts messages on the network to check if there is a DHCP server present. The client sends a DHCP DISCOVER message.

Offer: When a DHCP server receives a DHCP DISCOVER message from a client, it reserves an IP address for the client and sends a DHCP OFFER message to the client. This message is sent as a unicast message and contains the client's MAC address, the offered IP address, the subnet mask, the lease duration, and the IP address of the DHCP server making the offer.

Request: In response to the offer, the client sends a DHCP REQUEST message, requesting the offered IP address. This is a broadcast message from the client.

Acknowledge: Once the DHCP server receives the DHCP REQUEST message from the client, it sends a DHCP ACK packet to the client. This packet includes the IP address, the lease time of the IP, and all other TCP/IP parameters required for IP configuration.

In conclusion, DHCP plays a crucial role in simplifying the process of assigning IP addresses to devices on a network. By automating the process through the DORA process, DHCP allows for efficient management of IP addresses and network configurations, reducing the need for manual configuration. We hope that this blog has helped you understand the inner workings of DHCP and how it plays an important role in maintaining a stable and efficient network. If you have any further questions or suggestions, please feel free to leave a comment below.